低氧气调对档案害虫的防治效果研究

Effects of Modified Atmosphere with Nitrogen on the Control of Archival Pests

丁双玫, 牛子文, 荆秀昆, 卢少华

DING Shuangmei, NIU Ziwen, JING Xiukun, LU Shaohua

1 国家档案局档案科学技术研究所北京 100050 2 河南工业大学郑州 450001

出版日期2026-06-28卷期第40卷第3期页码141-148DOI10.16065/j.cnki.issn1002-1620.2026.03.017通讯作者卢少华

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摘要

害虫对低氧环境形成的耐受性会严重影响低氧杀虫技术在档案害虫防治中的使用。为了评估低氧杀虫的效果并解释害虫产生低氧抗性的机制，本研究采用不同浓度的氮气（体积分数92%、98%、99.99%）在不同时长（24h、48h、72h）分别处理烟草甲与花斑皮蠹的幼虫和成虫，统计害虫的死亡率，并检测其体内抗氧化酶的活性。结果表明，体积分数99.99%的氮气处理72h可以杀灭所有试虫，花斑皮蠹对低氧的耐受性强于烟草甲，幼虫对低氧的耐受性强于成虫。低氧处理后，试虫体内的SOD和CAT活性降低，而POD活性升高，因此推测POD活性可作为害虫应对低氧胁迫产生抗性的指标。基于此次研究结果，建议在使用低氧气调技术杀灭档案害虫时，精准调控低氧参数，必要时进行抗低氧能力检测。

关键词：档案害虫氮气气调低氧耐受性

Abstract

Extended exposure to low oxygen could allow pests to develop the tolerance, and reduce the effectiveness of low-oxygen pest control method. To better understand both the lethal effects and potential adaptation mechanisms, we tested the response of two common archival pests—the cigarette beetle and the warehouse beetle —to low-oxygen stress. Both adults and larvae were exposed to three different nitrogen concentrations (92%,98%, and 99.99%) for periods of 24, 48, and 72 hours. We then measured mortality and changes in key antioxidant enzyme activities. Our results showed that a 72-hour exposure to 99.99% nitrogen was effective in killing all life stages of both species. Overall, T. variabile demonstrated greater tolerance to low oxygen than L. serricorne, and larvae survived better than adults across both species. Hypoxia treatment significantly reduced the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the pests. In contrast, peroxidase (POD) activity increased substantially, suggesting that POD is an indicator of resistance induced by pests in response to hypoxic stress. Given the clear differences in tolerance between species and life stages, we recommend that the hypoxic parameters be accurately regulated when using controlled hypoxic atmospheres to control archive pests, and that hypoxic tolerance testing be conducted if necessary.

Key words: archival pests; modified atmosphere with nitrogen; hypoxia tolerance

引用格式

丁双玫, 牛子文, 荆秀昆, 卢少华. 低氧气调对档案害虫的防治效果研究[J]. 档案学研究, 2026, 40(3): 141-148.

DING Shuangmei, NIU Ziwen, JING Xiukun, LU Shaohua. Effects of Modified Atmosphere with Nitrogen on the Control of Archival Pests. Archives Science Study, 2026, 40(3): 141-148.

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低氧气调对档案害虫的防治效果研究